¿Primacía Visual? Estudio Sobre la Transferencia Basada en la Modalidad de Estímulo y en el Modo Lingüístico [Visual Primacy? A Study About Transfer Based on Stimulus Modality and Linguistic Mode]

Volume 4 Num. 1 - April 2004 - Pages 67-91

Authors:

Julio Varela, Carlos Martínez-Munguía, M. Antonia Padilla, Américo Ríos and Bernardo Jiménez Santa Cruz

Abstract:

Seventy-two subjects with different age and school experience were compared through a zerodelay, second-order matching-to-sample procedure. After a vocabulary test to probe knowledge, diagnostic test was applied. The task consisted in the class identification of objects, animals or vegetables. Stimuli could be visual or auditory, leading to six possible formats for the array of second-order, sample, and comparison stimuli. Subjects were trained up to four sessions. Transfer tests involved test trials (1) with the same; (2) fewer; and (3) more auditory stimuli than in training. Virtually none of the 7-and 10-years old children could learn the task. Seven of the 15-years old students learned the criterion task and performed well on transfer trials specially when these included more visual than auditory stimuli. Seventeen years old college students performed well during training and testing, under any condition except when the task included auditory stimuli only. In general, the performance on transfer tests was similar to obtained in training. The study points to the visual primacy that stimulus has in this kind of task. The function of the stimuli in this type of array is also discussed.

Key words:

second-order matching-to-sample, zero delay, visual and auditory stimuli, stimulus function, reading, listening.

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