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Preprints. Accepted Papers
The following papers have been accepted in order to be included in future journal volumes.
1. Psychosocial profile of bariatric surgery candidates and the correlation between obesity level and psychological variables
Bariatric surgery has proven to be the most effective treatment for severe obesity. Weight loss and long-term maintenance depend on patient’s ability to implement permanent lifestyle changes. Presurgical psychological evaluation and intervention are proposed for a better post surgical prognosis. The aim of present study was to make a psychosocial profile with the results of psychological evaluation performed to 129 bariatric surgery candidates and to determine associations between psychological variables with obesity level. Patients were evaluated with an oral interview, the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the following self-reported instruments: Beck Depression Inventory, Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory, Stress Control Perception, Risk Factors related to Eating Behavior Disorders Scale, Quality of Life and Health Inventory. Study population was divided in groups according to obesity level, evaluation results were compared according to these groups. Results in present study show a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders; obesity level was not directly associated with level of psychopathology. Another finding is that at higher level of obesity, there is less concern about weight and food and also there is a significant higher perception of family support. The group of patients with higher concerns about weight and food had lower BMI and less perception of family support. Key words: bariatric psychology, obesity, psychological profile, cross sectional descriptive study
Mariana Sierra-Murguía, Ariel Vite-Sierra, Victoria Ramos-Barragán, Julio César López-Hernández, Martín Edgardo Rojano-Rodríguez, Margarita Torres-Tamayo
2. Autoestima en la adolescencia: análisis y estrategias de intervención // Self-esteem in adolescence: analysis and intervention strategies
Self-esteem in adolescence: analysis and intervention strategies This article reviews the current state of research on self-esteem by focusing on the factors that are relevant for the intervention in adolescents. Firstly, a conceptual distinction is made between self-concept, self-esteem and the perception of self-worth, and the relationship between them is analysed. It also considers the functioning of self-esteem on the basis of the contingencies of reinforcement and reviews their effects on the cognitive styles and behavioural coping. Secondly, it reviews the course of self-esteem on the basis of gender and discusses the role that contingencies of reinforcement play on its decline and instability during early adolescence. Thirdly, it reviews the findings that show the relationship of the shortcomings of self-esteem and the generation of a series of behavioural, emotional and health problems. Finally, the findings of the research on the intervention in self-esteem are reviewed, and the most useful strategies to help promote a change in teenagers are discussed. Key Words: self-esteem, self-concept, contingencies of self-worth, psychological intervention, adolescents.
Carmen Rodríguez Naranjo, Antonio Caño González
3. A Review of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety disorders are the most widespread cause of distress among individuals seeking treatment from mental health services in the United States. However, despite the prevalence of research on effective therapeutic interventions and their promising outcomes, significant shortcomings remain. In response to these drawbacks, a novel treatment, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), was developed in an attempt to reformulate the conceptualization and treatment of anxiety disorders. The new treatment takes advantage of the power of exposure therapies while simultaneously addressing issues of comorbidity, fear, and avoidance related to them, as well as emphasizing the commitment to clients’ chosen values.. Although the research base is small, a review of the current literature supports the notion that the ACT model of anxiety may be appropriate for conceptualizing and subsequently treating these disorders. Keywords: acceptance and commitment therapy, anxiety disorders
Katie Sharp
4. Análisis de la impulsividad en diferentes grupos de adolescentes agresivos // Aggression and impulsivity in adolescents
Given the limited research focused on the relationship between aggression and impulsivity in adolescents, and the significant effects of this relationship highlighted in the studies on this topic, this paper analyzes impulsivity in different groups of aggressive adolescents. Two self-report questionnaires, the Questionnaire of Reactive and Proactive Aggression and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale were applied in a sample of 400 adolescents of the Community of Madrid, between 12 and 18 years of age (M = 14.8 and SD = 1.8). The results showed that reactive, proactive and mixed aggressive adolescents reported higher overall impulsivity than non-aggressive ones. Particularly, all aggressive groups showed higher scores of motor impulsivity than non-aggressive, whereas proactive aggressive adolescents showed higher levels of non-planner impulsivity. There were no differences according to age and sex of the participants. These results are discussed pointing out the relevance of impulsivity in the different types of aggression analyzed, in particular according to prevention and intervention with this risk population. Key words: Proactive, reactive and mixed aggression, impulsiveness, adolescents.
José Manuel Andreu Rodríguez, María Elena Peña Fernández, María Penado Abilleira
5. Doctrines about Life and a Relational Frame Analysis of Zen: Demythologization of Zen, Meditation and Nirvana
The present work addresses the original Zen (Ch’an) approach to the ontological problem concerning the existential paradox of life and death, and the demythologization of Zen as a special pathway for a sort of magic, spiritualistic or transcendental goal. This question is addressed with a behavioral analytic conceptualization that employs Relational Frame Theory (RFT) based analysis. Previous behaviorist approaches are criticized for contributing to the myth of Zen. RFT addresses the basic and complex relational discriminations involved in the life/death issue, and allows us to construct a taxonomy of life doctrines by considering the different relational frames entailed. Nine families of doctrines are finally established as possible categories. The relational frames which give rise to those 9 families are: a) HIERARCHICAL, b) TEMPORAL and c) SAMENESS/DIFFERENCE in the Self-as-context HIERARCHICAL frame. This paper examines how these frames are applied to life discrimination and finally, in which way Zen and Behavior Analysis are themselves instances of two different specific families of doctrines. Keywords: Derived relational responding, life/death discrimination, ontological doctrines, Zen.
Carmelo Visdómine
6. Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales para Analizar la Relación entre la Reflexividad-Impulsividad y las Funciones Ejecutivas en Niños Escolarizados // Using Structural Equation Models to Understand the Relationship between Reflexivity-Impulsivity and Executive Functions in School-Age Children
This study examined the relationship between Reflectivity-Impulsivity (RI) cognitive style and Executive Functions (EF) in 8 to 12 year-old school-age children. Besides, the relationships between these constructs and attention were analyzed to study possible mediator variables. The Matching Familiar Figures Test-20 (MFFT-20) to measure R-I style, the d2 test to measure attention, and neuropsychological “prefrontal” tasks to tap different domains of EF were administered. Results showed significant associations between R-I and executive functions. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) demonstrated a two-factor solution for the relationship between R-I an EF and support the notion that R-I and EF are differing but associated constructs. Moreover, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that R-I had effects on attention and direct and indirect effects on EF through child attentional strategies. This result suggests the interpretation that a high degree of impulsivity impairs performance on EF and highlights the importance of enhancing reflective disposition in school settings. Keywords: Reflection-Impulsivity, Executive Functions, Attention, Child Neuropsychology.
Vanessa Arán Filippetti, María Cristina Richaud de Minzi
7. A Review of psychological intervention in Alzheimer’s disease
The rising incidence of Alzheimer’s disease over the last few decades has led to it becoming considered a challenge for health and social care systems worldwide. Examining it from a psychological viewpoint, the benefits of approaching its study from a global perspective have been proposed, taking into consideration much more than the cognitive impairment by which it is characterized. There is growing interest in the non-cognitive symptoms (depressive, psychotic and disturbing and/or inappropriate behavior) observed in Alzheimer’s patients, especially considering that the limitations placed on the patients’ well-being are coupled with the impact on the tolerance levels of their caregivers with a consequent increase in burden and stress. The undeniable relevance of this situation has led to attempts being made to verify if this interest is reflected in proposals of preventative and therapeutic actions aimed at improving the quality of life for Alzheimer’s sufferers and their families. For this reason, we have reviewed publications relating to this field from specialized Spanish journals with the greatest impact on the IN-RECS (Impact Index of Spanish Social Science Journals), dated between 1990-2010. The results show that there are relatively few publications on Alzheimer’s and very few providing information regarding therapeutic actions of any kind, as if from a psychological perspective, there was very little to be said on the subject. Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, bibliographical review, psychological intervention.
Francisco Javier Molina Cobos, María del Mar Montoya Rodríguez
8. Profiles of personal values in Social Sciences and Social Work students
No abstract available
Fª Rosa Jiménez, López Antonio Segura, Mª Teresa Lorente Molina